The Arched Rainbow Brow in Thyroid Eye Disease.
The Arched Rainbow Brow in Thyroid Eye Disease.
- 2022
CONCLUSIONS: The Rainbow Brow is a distinct entity in TED and is likely consequent to brow fat pad expansion. Patients with a Rainbow Brow have different eyebrow curvature as compared to both normal age-sex-matched controls and TED patients without a Rainbow Brow. Copyright © 2022 The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of TED patients and age-sex-matched normal controls. The arched Rainbow Brow appearance in TED patients was determined by unanimous agreement of 3 oculoplastic surgeons. Eyebrow curvature was assessed by plotting 15 points along the eyebrow in ImageJ. The fourth-degree polynomial (y = ax + bx + cx + dx + e) was fitted to each eyebrow. PURPOSE: To morphologically describe and mathematically quantify a novel clinical feature of thyroid eye disease (TED). RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-one eyes were analyzed (200 TED and 71 age-sex-matched normal controls). A Rainbow Brow was identified in 42% of TED patients. A unilateral Rainbow Brow was seen in 15% of patients. The fourth-degree polynomial coefficients yielded significant differences between Rainbow Brow patients and age-sex-matched normal controls for the coefficients a, b, c, and d. Similar analysis of TED patients with and without a Rainbow Brow showed differences in coefficients a and b. Age >50 years (p = 0.009) and the presence of brow fat expansion (p < 0.001) were associated with the presence of a Rainbow Brow. Proptosis >24 mm showed a trend toward association with the presence of a Rainbow Brow (p = 0.057). When considering the contribution of these features in a multivariable analysis, only brow fat expansion was a significant contributing factor (p = 0.009).
English
0740-9303
00002341-990000000-00003 [pii] 10.1097/IOP.0000000000002168 [doi]
IN PROCESS -- NOT YET INDEXED
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Ophthalmology Residency
Journal Article
CONCLUSIONS: The Rainbow Brow is a distinct entity in TED and is likely consequent to brow fat pad expansion. Patients with a Rainbow Brow have different eyebrow curvature as compared to both normal age-sex-matched controls and TED patients without a Rainbow Brow. Copyright © 2022 The American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Inc. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted of TED patients and age-sex-matched normal controls. The arched Rainbow Brow appearance in TED patients was determined by unanimous agreement of 3 oculoplastic surgeons. Eyebrow curvature was assessed by plotting 15 points along the eyebrow in ImageJ. The fourth-degree polynomial (y = ax + bx + cx + dx + e) was fitted to each eyebrow. PURPOSE: To morphologically describe and mathematically quantify a novel clinical feature of thyroid eye disease (TED). RESULTS: Two hundred seventy-one eyes were analyzed (200 TED and 71 age-sex-matched normal controls). A Rainbow Brow was identified in 42% of TED patients. A unilateral Rainbow Brow was seen in 15% of patients. The fourth-degree polynomial coefficients yielded significant differences between Rainbow Brow patients and age-sex-matched normal controls for the coefficients a, b, c, and d. Similar analysis of TED patients with and without a Rainbow Brow showed differences in coefficients a and b. Age >50 years (p = 0.009) and the presence of brow fat expansion (p < 0.001) were associated with the presence of a Rainbow Brow. Proptosis >24 mm showed a trend toward association with the presence of a Rainbow Brow (p = 0.057). When considering the contribution of these features in a multivariable analysis, only brow fat expansion was a significant contributing factor (p = 0.009).
English
0740-9303
00002341-990000000-00003 [pii] 10.1097/IOP.0000000000002168 [doi]
IN PROCESS -- NOT YET INDEXED
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
Ophthalmology Residency
Journal Article