Temporal Changes in Coronary Plaque as Assessed by an Artificial Intelligence Based Optical Coherence Tomography: From the First-in-Human Trial on DREAMS 3G Scaffold. 

 -  2023 
<br/><br/> AIMS: To assess the impact of the baseline plaque composition on the DREAMS 3G luminal late loss and to compare the serial plaque changes between baseline and 6-month (6 M), and 12-month (12 M) follow-up.  CONCLUSIONS: The larger the fibrous tissue in the lesion at baseline, the larger the luminal loss seen at 6 M and 12 M. Following the implantation of DREAMS 3G, favorable healing of the vessel coronary wall occurs as shown by a decrease in the lipid area and an increase in fibrous tissue. Copyright © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.  METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 116 patients were enrolled in the BIOMAG-I trial. Patients were imaged with optical coherence tomography (OCT) pre- and post-DREAMS 3G implantation and at 6 and 12 months. OCTPlus software uses artificial intelligence to assess composition (i.e., lipid, calcium, fibrous tissue) of the plaque. The differences between the OCT-derived minimum lumen area (MLA) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 12 M, were grouped into 3 terciles. Patients with larger MLA differences at 12 M (p 0.0003) had significantly larger content of fibrous tissue at baseline. There was a reduction of 24.8% and 20.9% in lipid area, both p < 0.001, between the pre-DREAMS 3G OCT and the 6 M and 12 M follow-up. Conversely, the fibrous tissue increased by 48.4% and 36.0% at 6 M and 12 M follow-up, both p < 0.001. 
<br/><br/><br/>English 
<br/><br/><label>ISSN: </label>2047-2404 
<br/><br/><label>Standard No.: </label>10.1093/ehjci/jead299 [doi] 7344675 [pii] 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Topical Terms: </label><br/>IN PROCESS -- NOT YET INDEXED
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Geographic Terms: </label><br/>MedStar Health Research Institute<br/>MedStar Heart & Vascular Institute<br/>MedStar Washington Hospital Center
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Occupation: </label><br/>Internal Medicine Residency
<br/><br/><label>Index Terms--Function: </label><br/>Journal Article