TY  - BOOK
AU  - Howard, Barbara V
TI  - Multiple Healthful Dietary Patterns and Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Initiative
SN  - 0002-9262
PY  - 2016///
KW  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - *Diet/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data]
KW  - Aged
KW  - Female
KW  - Follow-Up Studies
KW  - Humans
KW  - Middle Aged
KW  - Postmenopause
KW  - United States/ep [Epidemiology]
KW  - MedStar Health Research Institute
KW  - Journal Article
KW  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
KW  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S
KW  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S
N1  - Available online from MWHC library: 1996 - present, Available in print through MWHC library: 1996 - 2006
N2  - The relationship between various diet quality indices and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unsettled. We compared associations of 4 diet quality indices--the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Index, Healthy Eating Index 2010, Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010, and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Index--with reported T2D in the Women's Health Initiative, overall, by race/ethnicity, and with/without adjustment for overweight/obesity at enrollment (a potential mediator). This cohort (n = 101,504) included postmenopausal women without T2D who completed a baseline food frequency questionnaire from which the 4 diet quality index scores were derived. Higher scores on the indices indicated a better diet. Cox regression was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios for T2D. Pearson coefficients for correlation among the indices ranged from 0.55 to 0.74. Follow-up took place from 1993 to 2013. During a median 15 years of follow-up, 10,815 incident cases of T2D occurred. For each diet quality index, a 1-standard-deviation higher score was associated with 10%-14% lower T2D risk (P < 0.001). Adjusting for overweight/obesity at enrollment attenuated but did not eliminate associations to 5%-10% lower risk per 1-standard-deviation higher score (P < 0.001). For all 4 dietary indices examined, higher scores were inversely associated with T2D overall and across racial/ethnic groups. Multiple forms of a healthful diet were inversely associated with T2D in these postmenopausal women.Copyright © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv241
ER  -